IV. The Supernovae Sample

Prior to the first use of spectroscopes with digital detectors in the late 1970’s, very few supernovae had follow up spectra taken unless their maximum apparent B magnitudes were brighter than ~16 (Barbon et. al. 1973, 1979). This fundamental constraint on spectrally classifying supernovae places a crude upper limit on the recession velocity for the spirals in our galaxy sample. Note: Since the average blue absolute magnitude for SN Ia at maximum light is about two magnitudes brighter than that for SN II, it is the absolute blue magnitude of the latter which sets this limit.

If we adopt a blue absolute magnitude for SN II at maximum light of –17.1 (HO = 75 Mpc/km/sec; Barbon et. al. 1979), a magnitude limit of 16 corresponds to a recession velocity cut-off in the range 2500 - 3100 km/sec, assuming a blue magnitude extinction (AB) in the range 0.5 - 0.0.

Of course, the blue absolute magnitude for SN II at maximum light of -17.1 is an average magnitude for this supernovae type. In reality, this magnitude can vary from ~ -13.5 to -19 (assuming HO = 75 Mpc/km/sec) depending on the blue absolute magnitude of the underlying parent galaxy (van den Bergh 1988). This dependency is in the sense that the most luminous SN II are found in the galaxies with the brightest blue absolute magnitudes (van den Bergh 1988).

Hence, for the purposes of this study, we will limit galaxies in our supernovae sample to those:

a) that are Sbc-Sdm spirals in RC3 catalogue with Vo (3K) < 3000 km/sec that are members of the NGC
and Index Catalogue. Restricting the sample to spirals that are members of the NGC and Index Catalogue
ensures that most galaxies can have their SBIR and LIR/LB values calculated from data published in the
RC3 catalogue. The choice of a recession velocity limit of 3,000 km/sec means that some intrinsically
faint SN II will be missed because of their faint blue magnitudes at maximum light. However, this should
not be a major problem in our study because we are looking for the presence of SN II (and the absence
of SN Ia) in spirals with high current to integrated star formation rates. These type of galaxies tend to have
high intrinsic luminosities and so they are more likely to produce relatively bright SN II.

b) that are not HI gas deficient i.e. those with an HI index < 2.9. The reasons for doing this have been
outlined in section II (ii).

c) that have had an historical supernova of type SN II, SN Ia/I*, or SNIb/Ic, which have been determined
from spectra rather than light curves. The first and foremost reason for doing this is that typing of SN is
based on spectroscopic criterion (Oke and Searle 1974). In addition, Doggett and Branch (1986) have
shown that the supernova light curves cannot be reliably used to distinguish between SN II with linear
light curves and SNIa.

d) that have had an historical supernova with designation between SN1885A and SN 2000DS.

The spectrally determined SN types are taken from two main sources. For supernovae between SN1885A and SN
1988M, we have used the SN types published by Branch (1986, 1989) and Kirshner (1989), while spectrally determinedSN types published in the I.A.U. circulars have been used for supernovae between SN1988N and 2000DS. (Note: We adopt Branch’s SN I* classification for all those SN that have insufficient spectral coverage to be able to differentiate SN Ia fromSN Ib/Ic. Most of these galaxies are probably SN Ia, however, we cannot rule out the possibility that some of the supernovae may be SN Ib/Ic.)

Galaxies in the SN sample are divided into two groups. Those that have had one or more SN II/Ib/Ic (hereafter referred to as SN II galaxies) and those that have not had SN II/Ib/Ic i.e. they have had SN Ia/I* only (hereafter referred to as SNI galaxies). A galaxy that has had both SN II/Ib/Ic and SN Ia/I* is classified as a SNII galaxy.

Table 2 shows that SN spectral types have been determined for supernovae in 103 sample galaxies. Of these, nine galaxies have HI indices > 2.9 and so are excluded from the sample because they are HI gas depleted. In addition, there are nine galaxies that have no HI index and so we cannot determine whether or not they are HI gas depleted. These galaxies are also excluded from the SN sample because of this uncertainty. This leaves 62 SN sample galaxies that have had either SNII or SN Ib/Ic and 23 SN sample galaxies that have had SN Ia.

TABLE 2

Galaxy Type

SNII

SNII
Non-Gas
Depleted
Galaxies

SNIb/Ic

SNIb/Ic
Non-Gas
Depleted
Galaxies

SNIa/I*

SNIa/I*
Non-Gas
Depleted
Galaxies

Sbc

13

9

2

2

15

12

Sc

30

26

5

4

10

7

Scd-Sdm

21

20

1

1

6

4

All Types

64

55

8

7

31

23


Notes: 1. 13 galaxies: NGC 1058, NGC1084, NGC 2207, NGC 3198, NGC 3294, NGC 3913, NGC 3938, NGC 4254, N4303,
NGC 4321, NGC 5236, NGC 6946 and NGC 6951 have had two or more SN with known spectral types.

2. NGC 1058, NGC 1084, NGC 2207, NGC 3198, NGC 3938, NGC 4254, NGC 4303, NGC 5236, NGC 6946 and
NGC 6951 have each had at least one supernova that has been spectrally classified as SN II or SN Ib/Ic.
These galaxies are classified as SNII sample galaxies.

3. NGC 3294 and NGC 4321 are HI gas depleted and so they are not in the final SN sample.

4. NGC 3913 has had two SN Ia.

Table 3a includes all 55 SN II galaxies that are in the final SN galaxy sample. The five gas depleted SNII spirals and four SNII galaxies with no HI index (m 21 – BT ) have been included in this table for completeness.

Table 3a

SNII SN1885A – SN2000DS

No.

GALAXY

RC3
TYPE

RC3
Vo (3K)

SN NAME

REF.

m21-BT

LIR/LB

SBIR
(x106)

Log (R25)

1

N1035

SAS5$

1021

1990E

I4977

2.20

0.53

25.9

0.48

2

N1058

SAT5

318

1969L

B89

1.09

0.24

12.0

0.03

1961V/IIpec

B89

3

N1084

SAS5

1194

1996AN

I6442

1.97

1.00

79.6

0.25

1998DL

I6994

1963P/Ia

B89

4

N1087

SXT5

1300

1995V

I6197

2.69

0.46

26.8

0.22

5

N1313

SBS7

419

1962M

B89

1.27

0.34

15.3

0.12

6

N1637

SXT5

663

1999EM

I7296

1.49

0.31

12.2

0.09

7

N1448

SA6*/

1091

1983S

B89

1.59

0.33

7.1

0.65

8

N1536

SBS5P*

1539

1997D

I6537

*

0.18

3.4

0.14

9

N1559

SBS6

1283

1986L

K89

2.15

-

-

0.24

10

N2139

SXT6

1919

1995AD

I6239

1.14

0.61

30.7

0.13

11

N2276

SXT5

2394

1993X

I5860

2.23

1.09

51.7

0.02

12

N2442

SXS4P

1554

1999GA

I7340

2.46

-

-

0.05

13

N2848

SXS5*

2360

1994L

I5975

1.64

0.18

7.5

0.21

14

N3003

S4$

1736

1961F

B89

1.20

0.19

3.4

0.63

15

N3057

SBS8

1550

1997CX

I6700

1.57

0.19

3.6

0.23

16

N3120

SXS4*

2972

1999CA

I7160

*

0.31

14.7

0.15

17

N3184

SXT6

826

1999GI

I7329

1.84

-

-

0.03

18

N3198

SBT5

880

1999BW

I7149

1.28

0.15

3.2

0.41

1966J/Ib

I7149

19

N3294

SAS5

1842

1990H

I4993

3.04*

0.40

18.0

0.29

1992G/Ia

I5458

20

N3359

SBT5

1140

1985H

B89

1.00

0.16

3.1

0.22

21

N3451

S7

1634

1997DN

I6763



   0.32

21

N3526

SAS5P/

1768

1995H

I6145

2.21

0.19

7.7

0.64

22

N3631

SAS5

1343

1996BU

I6505

1.97

0.37

11.6

0.02

23

N3733

SXS6*

1360

1980D

B89

0.61

-

-

0.34

24

N3780

SAS5

2566

1992BT

I5844

2.07

0.29

9.2

0.10

25

N3877

SAS5

1115

1998S

I6830

3.08*

0.25

7.2

0.63

26

N3938

SAS5

1036

1961U

B89

1.63

0.26

8.2

0.04

1964L/Ib

27

N3949

SAS4*

1007

2000DB

I7481

2.18

0.56

42.9

0.24

28

N4027

SBS8

2012

1996W

I6379

1.61

0.74

37.6

0.12

29

N4041

SAT4*

1364

1994W

I6044

1.45

1.26

64.2

0.03

30

N4088

SXT4

953

1991G

I5188

1.77

-

-

0.41

31

N4254V

SAS5

1350

1967H

B89

2.29

0.81

49.8

0.06

1986I

B89

32

N4273

SBS5

2725

1936A

B89

2.19

1.10

57.0

0.19

33

N4302V

S5*/

1350

1986E

B89

2.30

0.35

6.2

0.74

34

N4303V

SXT4

1350

1926A

B89

2.16

0.70

29.9

0.05

1961I

B89

1964F

B89

1999GN

I7336

35

N4321V

SXS4

1350

1979C

B89

2.96*

0.52

18.9

0.07

1959E/I*

H61

36

N4411B

SXS6

1602

1992AD

I5552

1.68

0.12

2.5

0.00

37

N4451

S4*

1350

1985G

B89

3.23*

0.52

27.8

0.19

38

N4490

SBS7P

908

1982F

K89

1.33

-

-

0.31

39

N4559

SXT6

1095

1941A

B86

1.45

0.14

3.1

0.39

40

N4653

SXT6

2959

1999GK

I7332

1.34

0.16

3.0

0.06

41

N4666

SX5*

1853

1965H

B89

2.12

-

-

0.55

42

N4688V

SBS6

1350

1966B

B89

1.04

0.18

3.0

0.05

43

N4900

SBT5

1290

1999BR

I7143

2.21

0.62

36.3

0.03

44

N4965

SXS7

2563

2000P

I7379

1.92

0.24

8.0

0.11

45

N5012

SXT5

2901

1997EG

I6794

1.83

0.44

12.0

0.24

46

N5033

SAS5

1107

1985L

B89

1.42

0.41

5.6

0.33

47

N5161

SAS5*

2661

1998E

I6817

1.47

0.15

2.8

0.41

48

N5236

SXS5

788

1968L

B89

1.63

0.74

54.9

0.05

1983N/Ib

No.

GALAXY

RC3

TYPE

RC3

Vo
(3 K)

SN NAME

REF.

m21-BT

LIR/LB

SBIR

(x106)

Log (R25)

49

N5371

SXT4

2740

1994Y

I6065

2.20

0.22

7.6

0.10

50

N5457

SXT6

376

1970G

B89

1.16

0.32

3.9

0.03

51

N5597

SXS6

2865

1981E

K89

*

0.91

59.3

0.10

52

N5673

SB5?/

2208

1996CC

I6529

1.61

-

-

0.59

53

N5775

SB5$/

1886

1996AE

I6410

1.51

0.97

33.7

0.62

54

N5907

SAS5*/

735

1940A

B89

1.67

0.19

2.9

0.96

55

N6946

SXT6

-116

1948B

B89

2.25

0.34

36.3

0.07

1980K

B89

56

N6951

SXT4P

1280

1999EL

I7288

2.81

0.47

32.3

0.08

2000E/Ia

I7351

57

N7184

SBR5

2314