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Thêriaka and Alexipharmaka, Nicandre - Poisons and Antidotes


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The Most Beautiful Codex of the Byzantine Renaissance
10th Century


[T]he most beautiful codex of the Byzantine Renaissance, Xth century. Comprising 41 illuminated pages, some in full page, some with a marginal illumination to the written page. The Hellenistic influence on the illuminations is quite visible in the drawing technique and use of basic colours. The illuminations alternate scientific drawings of snakes, scorpions and plants with human figures and scenic representations inspired from classical texts and mythology, very much like ancient frescoes. The original is held in Paris at the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, suppl. gr. 247

Doctor, poet and grammatician, Nicandre, II b.c. lived in the court of Athalus III, king of Pergame. His Thêriaka is a Homeric treatise on the toxicology and therapies of poisons of animal origin, such as snakes, scorpions, spiders..., and his Alexipharmaka deals with poisons of vegetal and mineral origin, as well as its symptoms and therapies to counteract its effects. His magic formulas including 50 or 60 different substances were increased, especially with opium and aromatic herbs by Andromaque, doctor of Neron.

This Facsimile edition is in 2 volumes: a facsimile of Thêriaka and Alexipharmaka, 96 pages, and a volume of text, in Spanish, containing a historical and scientific study by Alain Touwaide, member of the International Academy of the History of Pharmacy, a codicological study by Christian Förstel, curator or the Greek manuscripts section at the Bibliothèque Nationale of France, and an artistic study by Grégoire Aslanoff, Art historian. The volume is sized 125 x 160 mm.

This unique issue is limited to 987 copies, numbered and authenticated by affidavit.

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